Research on power system flexibility considering uncertainties

In order to help achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the large-scale development and application of clean renewable energy, like wind generation and solar power, will become an important power source in the future. Large-scale clean renewable energy generation has the uncertain characteristics of intermittency, randomness, and volatility, which brings great challenges to the balance regulation and flexible operation of the power system. In addition, the rapid development of renewable energy has led to strong fluctuations in electricity prices in the power market. To ensure the safe, reliable, and economic operation of the power system, how to improve the power system flexibility in an uncertain environment has become a research hotspot. Considering the uncertainties, this article analyzes and summarizes the research progress related to power system flexibility from the perspective of power system planning, operation, and the electricity market. Aiming at the modeling technology of uncertainty, the related modeling methods including stochastic programming, robust optimization, and distributionally robust optimization are summarized from the perspective of mathematics, and the application of these methods in power system flexibility is discussed.