Correlation between LDLr and CD-36 with Lipids in Pre-phase of Diabetic Nephropathy

Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes progression leads to microalbuminuria, eventually renal failure may progress End Stage Renal Disease. CD-36 is protein markedly increases in proximal tubules in diabetic nephropathy. Primary receptor such as LDLr regulates plasma LDL concentrations. In this study genetic expressions of the CD-36 and LDLr and lipids were measured to highlight their diagnostic value in early detection of diabetic nephropathy. An objective of study was to evaluate correlation between expressions of LDLr, CD-36 and Lipids in diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Study includes 241 subjects enrolled as per as per principle of Helsinki, at the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai (India). Subjects were screened for T2DM by measurement of glucose, (fasting & post-prandial), glycosylated haemoglobin, microalbumin in urine and lipids after overnight fast by photometric technique & gene expressions by rt-PCR. Statistical analysed performed by R software.

Results: LDLr and CD-36 showed high degree of expressions on rt-PCR (p<.00) in both the study (less than 45 years and more 45 years) groups. Cholesterol (total, HDL) and triglyceride are within normal reference range. LDL and LDL/HDL ratio rose in both study groups and showed significant p-value (p<.00).

Interpretation and Conclusion: At the early stage of diabetic nephropathy measurement of lipids suggests no hypercholestremia and triglyceridemia. Increased level of LDL (bad cholesterol) suggests that accumulation of lipids may take place in future course of diabetic nephropathy. LDLr and CD-36 highly significant markers can strongly predict the risk of diabetic nephropathy, at early stage; lipidogram values with marginal significance indicate kidney injury, which is suggested to prevent morbidity & mortality in diabetic nephropathy.