Inhaled Mica Flakes and Vitamin B12 Intercalated Clay Particles Trigger Multiple Sclerosis

The present study highlights about inhaled mica flakes and vitamin B12 intercalated clay particles trigger multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest devastating neurodegenerative disease in young adults in high lattitudes Soil dust containing both weathered mica particles and vitamin B12 containing clay particles (“transformation smectite“ particles) can activate myelin specific CD4+ T cells in lung. CD4+ central memory type T cell (resting phenotype) receptor is activated by soluble MHC II when it is anchored on mica particle surface and T cell adheres also on the same mica surface. Further prerequisite is that at the same time smectite clay particle intercalated with vitamin B 12 is endocytosed into the same T cell. Vitamin B12 (B12) plays a cell-autonomous role in reprogramming lymphoblasts (in this case memory B-cells and central memory T-cells). B12 affects in vivo reprogramming lymphoblasts through one carbon metabolism enhancing H3K36me3 histone methylation. T cell activation requires 1) T cell receptor activation and 2) T cell metabolic changes from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. In classical activation model co-receptor B 28 activation changes T cell metabolism to oxidative glycolysis. In this case at the wrong time dosed vitamin B 12 changes T cell metabolism to oxidative glycolysis using anaplerotic feeding of TCA-cycle, permitting T cell activation to effector phenotype pathologic T cell. The hypothesis is based on new findings in immunobiology and on epidemiological observations.